Berylouise Mitchell Photography
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WWI: Mementos of our Grandfathers

A blog over 52 weeks dedicated to my two grandfathers who both served in WWI. It commenced on 29 January 2017.

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The Balkan Wars

30/7/2017

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I met Constantine (Con) Gionis at work in 2004.  He is pictured above with his father George who came to Australia as a young man.  George met Con’s mother on the boat on the way to Australia.  This is the story of George’s father,  Ioannis Gionis, who fought in the Balkan Wars, as a precursor to WWI, and is largely written by his grandson Con.  George is holding a photo of Ioannis and Con is holding the medals awarded him by King Constantine I.

Ioannis Gionis was born in about 1894. His parents died when he was 6 years old. His uncles sent him to work in Egypt as a servant in order to make an unchallenged claim on his father’s estate.  His sister was sent to Kalivia as a servant and his younger brother was sent to Glyfada, Athens, to work in a pig rearing business.
 
The family story goes that Ioannis later worked in the kitchen of the English consulate at Port Said where he learned how to make sweets working as a kitchen hand.  At age 17 Ioannis joined the Greek Army as a volunteer where he fought in the 1913 Balkan Wars in northern Greece – first against Ottoman Forces in the Battle of Bizani (First Balkan War) - and then against Bulgarian Forces in the Battle of  Kilkis (Second Balkan War).  Ioannis was awarded two medals by King Constantine I who commanded the Greek Army in each battle. 
 
Ioannis spent 8 years in Asia Minor (1914-22) with the ill-fated challenge by the Greek army to wrest control of the area from the Ottomans.  Afterwards he returned to Greece, where in 1924 he opened a sweet making business in Pireaus called Meliritos Anoixis.
 
The business prospered until the onset of the Great Depression in 1932.  A significant investment in shares of Barbaresso Ouzo was rendered worthless, and the share certificates were used as paper aeroplanes by his youngest children.  The business remained open during WWII.
 
After WWII Ioannis volunteered to fight against the Greek Communists in order to protect the local area around Pireaus in what became the Greek Civil War (1946-49). Ioannis was caught and accused of being a monarcho-facist by the communists and died whilst held captive.  His body was discovered on the feast day of St John on 6 January by pro-government soldiers following a successful assault in the area of Kokkinia in Piraeus, Athens.
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Remembering Pozieres

23/7/2017

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Excerpt from St Thomas’ North Sydney website:
On the northern wall of St Thomas’ is mounted a sobering reminder of the carnage of Australian youth on the Western Front. This cross was originally driven into the ground in 1916 at Pozieres — a small village in France — halfway between Paris and the French coast to the north.

It was to commemorate the 7,000 Australians who lost their lives there and the 17,000 who were wounded there. The bombing was so fierce that 4,000 were never recovered.

Pozieres is on a high ridge and both the Allies (Great Britain, Australia etc) and the Germans recognised that it was a crucial base to control.

Written by Col Adamson and Simon Manchester for the Anzac Day service at St Thomas’ Church:

To read the history of Pozieres is gruelling but very moving.  Young men suffered horrendous wounds and experienced terrifying warfare.  Even lying in the trenches a bomb could fall killing or wounding everyone around you.  The great devastation of Pozieres took place over the 2 months of July and August 1916.  A pretty village was turned into dirt and corpses.  The Anzacs were never the same after Pozieres — men who had gone “marching and singing and laughing their way to Pozieres in the middle of a glorious summer were gone forever” (Scott Bennett ‘Pozieres’ p278).



One hundred and one years ago in July, a hellish battle by the Australian 1st, 2nd and 4th Divisions commenced at Pozieres, a small village in the Somme valley in France.   The battle came on top of the disastrous battle of Fromelles just 4 days earlier, where the Australians suffered a shocking 5,500 casualties – their greatest losses in a single day.

The Australians captured Pozieres, but it was at great cost with the casualty rate reaching 23,000 over the ensuing weeks of the battle.  It is best described by Charles Bean in his diary entry of 29 July 1916:

"Pozières has been a terrible sight all day … The men were simply turned in there as into some ghastly giant mincing machine. They have to stay there while shell after huge shell descends with a shriek close beside them … each shrieking tearing crash bringing a promise to each man – instantaneous – I will tear you into ghastly wounds – I will rend your flesh and pulp an arm or a leg – fling you half a gaping quivering man (like those that you see smashed around you one by one) to lie there rotting and blackening like all the things you saw by the awful roadside, or in that sickening dusty crater."

Two churches on Sydney’s north shore, St Thomas North Sydney, and St John’s Garrison Church at Gordon, have crosses installed that were erected on the Pozieres battlefields in 1916 by Australian battalions that were subsequently rescued by surviving men of those battalions and brought back to Sydney.  Both churches have significance for my family.

St Thomas’ church in North Sydney was where my family worshipped from 1881, when they first moved to the North Shore, as it was called then.  George Whiting and his family moved from Church Hill to Valetta at Gore Hill.   His daughter Blanche Hobson and her family moved next door at Ravenswood, where his granddaughter, my grandmother Dorothy Beryl was born. 

Their home sites were adjacent to present day Gore Hill Cemetery and Royal North Shore Hospital.  Whilst their homes are no longer there, the heritage listed Valetta coach house, still exists in the grounds of the North Sydney TAFE, and a modern day block of flats called Valetta lies opposite.   Many members of the Whiting family are buried in St Thomas’ West Street cemetery.

My grandfather, Harold Lilja was born and raised in Gordon, and with the family being protestant, he may very well have worshipped at his local church, St John’s Garrison Church, on what is now the Pacific Highway.  Harold had a strong connection to Gordon and played cricket for the Gordon Cricket Club for several years from the young age of fifteen, only stopping to head off to war.

Harold and Dorothy Beryl married at St James Church next to Hyde Park just three weeks before Harold departed for the Western Front.

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Excerpt taken from the Ku-ring-gai Council website:
The French village of Pozieres was the site of a major battle during the First World War which involved the Ku-ring-gai’s 18th Battalion. The historic link between the two localities was officially recognised with a Sister City Agreement in June 2014.

Pozieres is the final resting place for more Australian troops than any other First World War battlefield and the Pozieres Cross – an original carved wooden cross from the battlefield is housed in St John’s Anglican Church in Gordon.

The Pozieres Cross is a battlefield relic from France. It was erected on the battlefield in memory of the fallen of the 18th Battalion. After the official war cemeteries were created, the cross was returned to Australia and placed in the Warrior’s Chapel of the Garrison Church at St John’s Gordon.

This precious relic represents the savage fighting in which the 1st ANZAC Corps - comprising 1st, 2nd and 4th Australian Divisions - were engaged from July and throughout August 1916, as part of the First Battle of the Somme.

The three Australian Divisions lost 23,000 officers and men in less than three weeks in the most intensive shelling and bombing experienced by the Australian Imperial Force in the Great War. Over a period of 45 days, 19 major attacks were carried out by the Australians, 16 of which were at night. The noted historian, Dr Charles Bean states that the site “is more densely sown with Australian dead than any other place on earth.”

The Pozieres Cross was dedicated in St John’s Church on Sunday 22 April 1934.

http://www.kmc.nsw.gov.au/Current_projects_priorities/Initiatives_and_campaigns/Centenary_of_Anzac_in_Ku-ring-gai/Pozieres_-_our_Sister_City
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Harold Lilja scatters his father's ashes:  Week Twenty Five

18/7/2017

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Lancaster is a tiny locality without any shops.  There is a small school that opened in 1876 that is still operating.  It is also the first home of Harold Lilja's father, Lechard Charlemir Lilja, when he immigrated from Sweden on SS Chimborazo in 1881 with his brother Gunnar. 

I found this out by chance from a Swedish genealogist who had helped me reconnect with the descendants of Lechard & Gunnar's sister Charlotte.  Lechard had written a letter home from the Lancaster post office where he lived to his old employer in Linkoping Sweden that the genealogist came across.

The letter was full of a young man's dreams of finding a nice girl and getting married.  He and his brother were doing manual farming work but Lechard went on to work for the NSW railways as a draughtsman.  He did marry in Sydney to Mary Eliza and have two boys, Harold and Norman.  After his wife died he married again to Ida Florence but had no more children.  I don't know what happened to Gunnar yet, but Charlotte's family in Sweden has grown and the family name is now Lilieblad.  I met young Antonia Lilieblad here in Sydney briefly in 2013 when she visited her boyfriend Karl who was working and travelling around Australia.  And I am in contact with Antonia's brother Nicolas.

The town of Lancaster is known as Karlsruhe country, named after the property Karlsruhe built by Baron von Swaine in 1893.  It was impounded during WWI and sold to an orchardist.  The post office where, according to his letter, young Lechard and Gunnar lived with the post master has long since closed. 

Lancaster is a rural village and irrigated farming district in northern Victoria between Kyabram and Mooroopna. It is 7 km east of Kyabram and has been known as Kybram East and Mooroopna West. When it was known as Kyabram East its name was changed, probably in 1881 or 1883, as a compliment to the settler and postmaster, Thomas Lancaster.  Well....I know from the letter that it was called Lancaster in 1881.

When around the same age as his father when he arrived to live in Australia, Harold enlists and goes off to fight on the Western Front in WWI.  A very different reason for moving half way around the world so far from the only home he had known.  Lechard must have worried about his son in those long war years.   Harold had only just married his young bride, Dorothy Beryl, my grandmother.

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Harold did survive or I wouldn't be here.  Around the outbreak of WWII Harold's father died and he scattered his ashes in the circular rose garden behind the chapels at the Northern Suburbs Crematorium, where Harold's son Anthony Lilja, my mother's half brother, eventually interred Harold's ashes also.
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Auburn Gallipoli Mosque:  Week Twenty Four

8/7/2017

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I’m now working in Lidcombe and each month I do the banking in Auburn.  While looking for an easy place to park I discovered this magnificent mosque.  The photo was taken late one afternoon during Ramadan just a few weeks ago.

It is a Turkish mosque built on the site of the original one conducted from a house since 1979.  Building of this new mosque commenced in 1986 and was completed in 1999.  It was largely funded by donations through the local Turkish community and many other local Muslim community members regardless of their ethnic background.

Designed on Classical Ottoman construction characterised by a central dome and minarets, it was built by Ahmet Asim, who donated much of his time. The name of the mosque - Auburn Gallipoli Mosque - reflects the shared legacy of the Australian society and the main community behind the construction of the mosque, the Australian Turkish Muslim Community.

The Ottoman Empire paid a heavy price with an estimated 250,000 Turkish and Arab troops killed or wounded defending Gallipoli in WWI.  Turkey suffered the deaths of 87,000 men whilst 9,000 Australians and 35,000 other Allied troops were killed. 

Russell Crowe’s movie The Water Diviner based on the true story of an Australian father who goes to the Gallipoli battlefields trying to find the bodies of his three sons.  The movie also touched on the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922 fought between Greece and the Turkish National Movement during the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire after World War I.

My partner Stelios’ Greek family fled from Smyrna during this time along with many other Greek families.  The family left everything behind in order to escape by boat to Greece.  The boat held a large number of people with the escape organised by Stelios’ grandfather. Panagiotis.   During the sea voyage his Auntie Eleni, just a small baby, was almost thrown from the boat by her father to stop her crying alerting the Turks to their whereabouts. 

Smyrna was a Greek city dating back to antiquity located at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. This place was renamed to İzmir, Turkey.

Stelios’ father, Alexandros, was the only sibling born in Greece, at Taxiarchi on the island of Evia in 1925.   His family also changed their family name around this time from Emmanuel or Emmanuelidis to Papoutsis meaning “shoemaker”.


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    I am a social documentary photographer & the family historian. I like to share visual stories.

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